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## YYMMDD ext Source Title and Notes (if any) *Title from filename
1 ------ jpg Cracked Leather Passenger Seat
2 ------ jpg cracking Example Marine
3 ------ jpg dry Ice Fog
4 ------ htm (see webpage) Glaciers: Long Goodbye [Uploaded 071111
  1. STANDING on North America's most visited glacier in summer, you can hear the sound of climate changing. Gurgles and babbles build to a crescendo where water cascades down holes in the ice. The Mendenhall glacier in south-east Alaska is melting and it's raising a ruckus about it.
5 ------ htm (see webpage) Half Past Human: SkinIn: History
  1. Some humans are of the opinion that the cold temperatures at the magnetic/rotational poles of the earth are due to the tilt of the earth and the subsequent lower levels of light/heat from the sun.
  2. This is an incorrect understanding of the mechanisms involved.
  3. this idea relegates the magnetic pole component to a non-player, and assumes that the rotational tilt angle is the be-all and end-all of polar cooling.
  4. Lack of light and heat from the sun is not the causative agent in this case. In fact, it is the incredible amounts of electrical energy that is the mechanism at work.
  5. Now as the atmospheric scientists will tell you, our atmosphere is constantly pulsing, and heat-exchanging and interacting with space at all kinds of levels.
  6. In fact, most atmospheric scientists do not see the earth's atmosphere as a single 'thing', but rather see it as many layers of various kinds of atmospheres all cooperating to provide humans with warmth and air to breathe.
  7. the magnetic field of earth works as a great big 'pump' creating a dimple down over each pole
6 ------ jpg uss-skate-open-water
7 010117 htm SpaceCom Melt Down of Polar Ice [Uploaded 071111
  1. atellites Show Accelerated Polar Ice Threat
  2. Vast sheets of ice on the warming fringes of Antarctica may be on the verge of collapse and could eventually release rivers of ice that would cause sea levels worldwide to rise more rapidly than expected, according to new study of satellite images released Tuesday.
8 010603 htm WashPost Polar Ice Cap Thinning
  1. The ice that covers the ocean near the North Pole is thinning, according to many scientific studies. On average, it has dropped from about 10 feet thick to six feet since 1975, scientists say, which to many suggests that the burning of fossil fuels is causing a "greenhouse" effect and increasing global temperatures.
9 020122 htm PioneerP Warm Ice Festival St Paul
  1. Despite far-from-freezing forecasts, organizers of St. Paul's 116th Winter Carnival insist that the snow must go on.
10 020320 htm StarTrib Ice Shelf Break Up Antartica500 M B
  1. An enormous floating ice shelf in Antarctica, which has existed since the last Ice Age 12,000 years ago, collapsed this month with staggering speed during one of the warmest summers on record in the region
  2. "Hard to believe that 500 million billion tons of ice sheet has disintegrated in less than a month."
  3. Previous measurements showed the Antarctic Peninsula has warmed an average of more than 4 degrees Fahrenheit during the past half-century, a rate as much as five times faster than the global average.
## YYMMDD ext Source Title and Notes (if any) *Title from filename
11 050520 htm NYT Warming Is Blamed for Antarctica's Weight Gain
  1. The eastern half of Antarctica is gaining weight, more than 45 billion tons a year
  2. The data also deepen a mystery: Satellite measurements show that the level of the world's oceans has been rising about three millimeters a year in recent years, and scientists cannot figure out where all of the water is coming from.
  3. Because water expands when it warms, the rise in global temperatures by itself causes sea levels to rise about one millimeter a year
  4. That leaves "at least a missing millimeter a year to explain,"
12 051021 htm NYT Arctic Map Vanishes, and Oil Area Expands
  1. Arctic Map Vanishes, and Oil Area Expands
  2. It was gone. No map, no copies, no digitized version.
  3. The map had been stored behind a filing cabinet in a locked room in Arlington, Va. Late in 2002, it was there. In early 2003, it disappeared.
13 061127 htm USAToday Artic Water Particles Cloud Changes
  1. The mystery is the droplets of water in the clouds. With the North Pole just 685 miles away, they should be frozen, yet more of them are liquid than anyone expected.
  2. "Much to our surprise, we found that Arctic clouds have got lots of super-cooled liquid water in them. Liquid water has even been detected in clouds at temperatures as low as minus 30 degrees Celsius (minus 22 F),"
  3. [CO2 clouds have lower dew point and freezing point--RSB]
  4. tudies show that average winter temperatures have increased as much as 7 degrees in the Arctic over the last 50 years
14 070501 htm USAToday Arctic sea ice melting three times faster than projected
  1. Arctic sea ice has declined at an average rate of about 7.8% per decade between 1953 and 2006.
  2. The researchers said their observations indicate the retreat of summertime Arctic sea ice is about 30 years ahead of the pace projected by climate models.
15 070516 htm NYT Analysis Finds Large Antarctic Area Has Melted
  1. Now, a new satellite analysis shows that at least once in the last several years, masses of unusually warm air pushed to within 310 miles of the South Pole and remained long enough to melt surface snow across a California-size expanse.
16 070606 htm CNN Thunder Ice Melting Greenland
  1. If the Greenland ice cap melted entirely, oceans would rise by 23 feet
  2. • Its melt zone has expanded by 30 percent -- faster than models had predicted
  3. a crack and a thud like thunder pierce the air.
  4. "It's the ice cracking inside the icebergs
  5. If the ice cap melted entirely, oceans would rise by 23 feet
  6. global warming, which climate experts blame mainly on human use of fossil fuels, is heating the Arctic faster than anywhere else on Earth.
  7. Greenland, the world's largest island, is mostly covered by an ice cap of about 624,000 cubic miles that accounts for a 10th of all the fresh water in the world.
  8. Over the last 30 years, its melt zone has expanded by 30 percent.
  9. "Some people are scared to discover the process is running faster than the models,"
  10. In the past 15 years, winter temperatures have risen about 9 degrees Fahrenheit on the cap, while spring and autumn temperatures increased about 5 degrees Fahrenheit. Summer temperatures are unchanged.
  11. Two to three days' worth of icebergs from this glacier alone produce enough fresh water to supply New York City for a yea
  12. One commentator, noting the carbon dioxide emissions such travel would create, has called that "eco-suicide tourism.
17 070616 htm NYT Many Arctic Plants Have Adjusted to Big Climate Changes, Study Finds
  1. Some experts on climate and biology who were not involved with the study, which was led by scientists from the University of Oslo, said it provided a glimmer of optimism in the face of generally bleak scientific assessments of the vulnerability of ecosystems to the atmospheric buildup of greenhouse gases
18 070622 htm USAToday Ice Bound Greenland Heats U P
  1. It was an unplanned detour on the world's largest and loneliest island, a self-governing Danish territory where 56,000 people are scattered along the treeless, largely roadless fringes of an ice sheet that covers 85% of a country three times the size of Texas.
  2. Scientists say average winter temperatures on Greenland's west coast have increased about 9 degrees Fahrenheit over the past 15 years, making it one of the fastest-warming places on the planet.
  3. If the ice cap melted — a process expected to take centuries — oceans could rise by 23 feet and drown some coastal cities.
19 070811 htm NYT Analysts See ‘Simply Incredible’ Shrinking of Floating Ice in the Arctic - New York Times
  1. The area of floating ice in the Arctic has shrunk more this summer than in any other summer since satellite tracking began in 1979, and it has reached that record point a month before the annual ice pullback typically peaks, experts said yesterday.
  2. Dr. Serreze said that a high-pressure system parked over the Arctic appeared to have caused a “triple whammy”
20 070922 htm NYT Scientists Report Severe Retreat of Arctic Ice - New York Times
  1. The cap of floating sea ice on the Arctic Ocean, which retreats under summer’s warmth, this year shrank more than one million square miles — or six Californias
  2. The minimum ice area for this year, 1.59 million square miles, appeared to be reached Sunda
  3. The ice retreat has been particularly striking this year. The Alaskan side of the Arctic Ocean has stretches of thousands of square miles of open water; the fabled Northwest Passage through the islands of northern Canada was free of ice for weeks; and the sea route between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans north of Russia was nearly clear a week ago, with one small clot of ice around a group of Siberian island
  4. Mark Serreze, a senior researcher at the snow and ice center, said it was increasingly clear that from the buildup of greenhouse gases was playing a role in the Arctic warming, which is seen not only in the floating ice but also in melting terrestrial ice sheets, thawing tundra and warming seawater
## YYMMDD ext Source Title and Notes (if any) *Title from filename
21 071002 htm NYT Climate Change - Sea Ice - Arctic - New York Times
  1. The Arctic ice cap shrank so much this summer that waves briefly lapped along two long-imagined Arctic shipping routes, the Northwest Passage over Canada and the Northern Sea Route over Russia
  2. Russia, Canada and Denmark, prompted in part by years of warming and the ice retreat this year, ratcheted up rhetoric and actions aimed at securing sea routes and seabed resources. [Habitual Politicians ignoring real disaster for petrogreed: RSB]
22 071009 htm USAToday Thousands Of Walruses Abandon Ice
  1. sea ice was 39% below the long-term average from 1979 to 2000
23 071011 htm CNN Arctic sea ice cover at record low
  1. Senior research scientist: The decline is "astounding"
24 071022 htm WashPost At the Poles, Melting Occurring at Alarming Rate
  1. What is most alarming to the scientists is the speed at which it is unfolding. A decade ago, melting at the poles was predicted to play out over 100 years. Instead, it is happening on a scale scientists describe as overnight.
  2. As the air warms over , Alaska and , the melting permafrost releases millions of tons of trapped carbon and methane, further accelerating the encroaching disaster
  3. At least three companies have plans to "fertilize" the with iron try to soak more carbon dioxide out of the air.
  4. Already, the melting in Siberia is releasing methane, a potent greenhouse gas, that had been buried for 40,000 years, feeding a cycle of more warming and more melting.
  5. "That's a serious runaway," Scanbos said. "A catastrophe lays buried under the permafrost."
  6. "Things are on more of a hair trigger than we thought."
25 071212 htm CNN Artic Is Screaming
  1. Scientists worry global warming has passed an ominous tipping point
  2. One even speculated that summer sea ice would be gone in five years.
  3. Just last year, two top scientists surprised their colleagues by projecting that the Arctic sea ice was melting so rapidly that it could disappear entirely by the summer of 2040.
  4. This week, after reviewing his own new data, NASA climate scientist Jay Zwally said: "At this rate, the Arctic Ocean could be nearly ice-free at the end of summer by 2012, much faster than previous predictions."
  5. That's 15 percent more than the annual average summer melt, beating 2005's record.
  6. A record amount of surface ice was lost over Greenland this year, 12 percent more than the previous worst year, 2005,
  7. That's nearly quadruple the amount that melted just 15 years ago.
  8. The surface area of summer sea ice floating in the Arctic Ocean this summer was nearly 23 percent below the previous record
  9. Still to be released is NASA data showing the remaining Arctic sea ice to be unusually thin, another record
  10. Combining the shrinking area covered by sea ice with the new thinness of the remaining ice, scientists calculate that the overall volume of ice is half of 2004's total.
  11. Alaska's frozen permafrost is warming, not quite thawing yet. But temperature measurements 66 feet deep in the frozen soil rose nearly four-tenths of a degree from 2006 to 200
  12. Greenland, in particular, is a significant bellwether. Most of its surface is covered by ice. If it completely melted -- something key scientists think would likely take centuries, not decades -- it could add more than 22 feet to the world's sea level.
  13. However, for nearly the past 30 years, the data pattern of its ice sheet melt has zigzagged. A bad year, like 2005, would be followed by a couple of lesser years.
  14. According to that pattern, 2007 shouldn't have been a major melt year, but it was, said Konrad Steffen, of the University of Colorado, which gathered the latest data.
  15. White sea ice reflects about 80 percent of the sun's heat off Earth, NASA's Zwally said. When there is no sea ice, about 90 percent of the heat goes into the ocean which then warms everything else up. Warmer oceans then lead to more melting.
26 080104 htm USAToday How Often Does It Rain At The North Pole
  1. Scientists are puzzling over whether it has rained more than once at the North Pole
  2. Researchers on an ice-breaker near the Pole were stunned when it started raining in September last year
27 080113 htm WashPost Escalating Ice Loss Found in Antarctica
  1. Climatic changes appear to be destabilizing vast ice sheets
  2. the continent holds about 90 percent of Earth's ice
  3. In all, snowfall and ice loss in East Antarctica have about equaled out over the past 10 years, leaving that part of the continent unchanged in terms of total ice. But in West Antarctica, the ice loss has increased by 59 percent over the past decade to about 132 billion metric tons a year, while the yearly loss along the peninsula has increased by 140 percent to 60 billion metric tons. Because the ice being lost is generally near the bottom of glaciers, the glacier moves faster into the water and thins further, as a result. Rignot said there has been evidence of ice loss going back as far as 40 years.
  4. the Quelccaya glacier in the Peruvian Andes for 30 years, said that for the first half of that period, it retreated on average 20 feet per year. For the past 15 years, he said, it has retreated an average of nearly 200 feet per year.
28 080123 htm NASA Ice Sheet Antarctic Melt Speeds Up
  1. Ice loss in Antarctica increased by 75 percent in the last 10 years due to a speed-up in the flow of its glaciers and is now nearly as great as that observed in Greenland, according to a new, comprehensive study by NASA and university scientists.
29 080318 htm USAToday Sea Ice Builds But Remains Vulnerable
  1. Summer Arctic sea ice is important because it's intricately connected to weather conditions elsewhere on the globe. It affects wind patterns, temperatures farther south and even the Gulf Stream, acting as a sort of refrigerator for the globe
  2. At the South Pole, in Antarctica, sea ice seems stable, even slightly above normal
30 080319 gif WashPost Perennial Arctic Ice Diminishes080319 Wash Post
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31 080319 htm WashPost Perennial Arctic Ice Cover Diminishing, Officials Say
  1. The amount of long-lasting sea ice in the Arctic -- thick enough to survive for as much as a decade -- declined sharply in the past year, even though the region had a cold winter and the thinner one-year ice cover grew substantially
  2. stable ice cover has decreased from more than 50 percent in the mid-1980s to less than 30 percent as of last month.
  3. the dramatic decline in perennial ice -- which can range from 6 feet thick to more than 15 feet thick
  4. Arctic Ocean temperatures appear to be rising quickly because less of the water is covered by ice, which reflects sunlight and keeps water temperatures lower. After last summer's very warm weather, the amount of ice cover shrank dramatically, and the water became warmer.
  5. Arctic sea ice always grows and shrinks, ranging from an average minimum in September of 2.5 million square miles to an average winter maximum in March of 5.9 million square miles
  6. And the very old ice, which remains in the Arctic for at least six years, made up more than 20 percent of the Arctic in the mid- to late 1980s, but by this winter it had decreased to 6 percent.
  7. Antarctica is significantly less tied to the world's weather patterns and is considered to be less subject to the effects of global warming so far.
32 080523 htm BBC BBC NEWS | Science/Nature | Vast cracks appear in Arctic ice
  1. Dramatic evidence of the break-up of the Arctic ice-cap has emerged from research during an expedition by the Canadian military.
  2. a network of cracks that stretched for more than 10 miles
33 080531 jpg BBC Artic Ice Cracks080531 B B C
34 080627 gif NYT 2007-0822_oldice080627 N Y T
35 080627 jpg NTY Extent Of Icedotearth_graphic533-080627 N T Y
36 080627 htm NYT What’s Really Up With North Pole Sea Ice? - Dot Earth Blog - NYTimes.com
  1. UPDATE, 7/14
37 080717 htm NYT Ice Update and Unfiltered U.S. Climate Report - Dot Earth Blog - NYTimes.com
  1. Arctic Ocean Ice

  2. United States Climate Impacts
38 080917 htm NYT Arctic Ocean Ice Retreats Less Than Last Year - NYTimes.com
  1. The ice, which is now expanding as the sun dips toward the horizon for the winter, hit a minimum extent of about 1.74 million square miles on Sept. 12, said Walter Meier, a research scientist at the center. In 2007, the minimum extent was 1.59 million square miles, he said.
39 081021 htm USAToday Temperatures Record High
  1. Arctic temperatures at record highs
  2. The report, compiled by 46 scientists from 10 countries
  3. increased solar output only accounts for about 10% of global warming
  4. "You can't use solar to say that greenhouse gases are not a major factor,"
  5. Warming has continued around Greenland in 2007 resulting in a record amount of ice melt. The Greenland ice sheet lost 24 cubic miles of ice, making it the largest single contributor to global sea level rise.
40 090406 htm WashPost New Data Show Rapid Arctic Ice Decline
  1. The Arctic sea ice cover continues to shrink and become thinner
## YYMMDD ext Source Title and Notes (if any) *Title from filename
41 090809 htm USAToday Vast Expances Of Artic Ice Melt In Summer Heat
  1. As of Thursday, the U.S. National Snow and Ice Data Center reported, the polar ice cap extended over 2.61 million square miles after having shrunk an average 41,000 square miles a day in July — equivalent to one Indiana or three Belgiums daily.
  2. including a high-pressure ridge that produced clear skies and strong melt in the Beaufort Sea, the arm of the Arctic Ocean off northern Alaska and northwestern Canada.
42 090903 htm CNN Warmest Arctic Temperatures For2000 Years
  1. The study presents new evidence that the Arctic would be cooling if not for greenhouse gas emissions overpowering natural climate patterns.
43 091122 htm Guardian World's largest ice sheet melting faster than expected | Environment | guardian.co.uk
  1. East Antarctic sheet shedding 57bn tonnes of ice a year
  2. Scientists believe that Antarctica could lose more ice than Greenland within a few years
  3. Nasa's gravity recovery and climate experiment (Grace) show that it started to lose ice steadily from 2006.
  4. Satellite data from the whole of Antarctica show the region is now losing around 190bn tonnes of ice a year. Uncertainties in the measurements mean the true ice loss could be between 113bn and 267bn tonnes

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